# Common Endorsements Reference Guide

> **Jurisdiction:** Nationwide (ISO Forms)
> **Last Updated:** August 2026 (form numbers verified)
> **Form Edition Reference:** ISO HO/DP Endorsements (2011 program with 2022 revisions; 2014 DP program)

---

## Table of Contents

1. [Understanding Endorsements](#1-understanding-endorsements)
2. [Coverage-Expanding Endorsements](#2-coverage-expanding-endorsements)
3. [Coverage-Restricting Endorsements](#3-coverage-restricting-endorsements)
4. [Limit-Modifying Endorsements](#4-limit-modifying-endorsements)
5. [Specialized Coverage Endorsements](#5-specialized-coverage-endorsements)
6. [Catastrophe Endorsements](#6-catastrophe-endorsements)
7. [DP-Specific Endorsements](#7-dp-specific-endorsements)
8. [Endorsements by Coverage Issue](#8-endorsements-by-coverage-issue)
9. [Claims Impact Analysis](#9-claims-impact-analysis)
10. [Verification & Sources](#verification--sources)

---

## 1. Understanding Endorsements

### What Are Endorsements?

Endorsements (also called "riders" or "forms") are documents that modify the base insurance policy. They can:

- **Add coverage** not in the base policy
- **Remove or restrict coverage** in the base policy
- **Modify limits or deductibles**
- **Change policy conditions or definitions**
- **Add special provisions** for unique situations

### Endorsement Identification System

ISO endorsement numbers follow a standard format:

```
HO 04 95 03 22
│  │  │  │  │
│  │  │  │  └── Year (2022)
│  │  │  └── Month (March)
│  │  └── Endorsement number (95)
│  └── Series (04 = original Section I / general endorsement series)
└── Form line (HO = Homeowners)
```

Edition dates matter: the same number (e.g., HO 04 95) exists in 10 00, 05 11, and 03 22 editions, and the applicable edition varies by state. [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List]

### Series Codes

| Code | Series | Common Endorsements |
|------|--------|-------------------|
| 03 | Deductibles / state provisions | HO 03 12 (Windstorm or Hail Percentage Deductible), HO 03 18 (Hurricane Deductible) |
| 04 | Original general/property endorsement series | HO 04 61, HO 04 95, HO 04 90, HO 04 77, HO 04 46, HO 04 55 |
| 05 | Later general endorsement series (property and loss settlement, not liability) | HO 05 24 (Special Personal Property Coverage), HO 05 30 (Functional Replacement Cost) |
| 06 | Newest general endorsement series (2011/2022 additions) | HO 06 43 (Cosmetic Damage Exclusion), HO 06 69 (Utility Line Expense), HO 06 95 (Broadened Water Back-Up) |
| 07 | Home Business program | HO 07 01 (Home Business Insurance Coverage) |
| 17 | Unit-Owners specific | HO 17 31, HO 17 32, HO 17 33 |
| 24 | Section II liability | HO 24 82 (Personal Injury), HO 24 71 (Business Pursuits), HO 24 77 (Canine Liability Exclusion) |

[Series assignments per FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List; the 05 series is not a "liability" series as sometimes described.]

### Reading Priority

When endorsement and base policy language conflict:

1. **Later endorsement** controls earlier endorsement
2. **Endorsement** controls base policy
3. **Specific language** controls general
4. **Handwritten** controls typed

---

## 2. Coverage-Expanding Endorsements

### HO 04 61 - Scheduled Personal Property Endorsement

**Purpose**: Provides broader coverage and higher limits for valuable items

**Companion form**: **HO 04 60 - Scheduled Personal Property Endorsement (With Agreed Value Loss Settlement)** is the agreed-value version; HO 04 61 itself settles at the lesser of ACV, repair cost, replacement cost, or the scheduled amount. [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List]

**What It Does**:
- Schedules specific items with stated amounts
- Provides open perils (all risk) coverage for scheduled items
- Eliminates deductible for scheduled items
- No special limits apply to scheduled items

**Items Commonly Scheduled**:
| Category | Example Items |
|----------|---------------|
| Jewelry | Engagement rings, watches, necklaces |
| Furs | Fur coats, wraps |
| Cameras | Professional camera equipment |
| Musical Instruments | Pianos, guitars, violins |
| Silverware | Sterling silver flatware, serving pieces |
| Golfer's Equipment | Clubs, bags, accessories |
| Fine Arts | Paintings, sculptures, antiques |
| Firearms | Guns, collections |
| Stamps/Coins | Collections |

**Schedule Format**:
```
Class of Property | Article Description | Amount
Jewelry          | 2.5ct Diamond Ring  | $15,000
Fine Arts        | Oil Painting, Artist Name | $25,000
```

**Coverage Differences from Base Policy**:

| Feature | Base Coverage C | HO 04 61 Scheduled |
|---------|----------------|-------------------|
| Theft Limit | $1,500 (jewelry, watches, furs, precious stones) | Full scheduled amount |
| Mysterious Disappearance | Not covered | Covered |
| Breakage | Limited | Covered |
| Deductible | Applies | Waived |
| Coverage Basis | Named Perils | Open Perils |

[Base Coverage C theft sublimit per HO 00 03 10 00, Coverage C Special Limits of Liability, item e.]

**Claims Impact**:
- Scheduled amount is a cap under HO 04 61; agreed value (no depreciation dispute) only with HO 04 60
- Must prove loss occurred (not amount) under HO 04 60; ACV/replacement still at issue under HO 04 61
- Appraisals required at scheduling (and periodic updates)

---

### HO 04 90 - Personal Property Replacement Cost Loss Settlement

**Purpose**: Upgrades personal property (Coverage C) from ACV to replacement cost

**What It Does**:
- Removes depreciation from contents claim settlement
- Requires actual replacement to recover full RCV
- Does not increase policy limits
- Maintains same perils coverage

**How RCV Works on Contents**:

```
LOSS SETTLEMENT PROCESS:
1. Determine replacement cost of item(s)
2. Pay ACV initially (RCV minus depreciation)
3. Pay recoverable depreciation when item replaced
4. Total payment = full replacement cost (up to limit)
```

**Exclusions from RCV Coverage** (still ACV):
- Antiques and fine arts (except as specifically scheduled)
- Memorabilia, souvenirs, collectors' items
- Items not maintained in good condition
- Items whose primary value is age

**Example Calculation**:
```
Item: 5-year-old sofa
Replacement cost: $2,000
Expected life: 10 years
Depreciation: 50% ($1,000)

Without HO 04 90: ACV = $1,000 (final payment)
With HO 04 90:
  - Initial payment: $1,000 (ACV)
  - After replacement: Additional $1,000 (recoverable depreciation)
  - Total: $2,000 (full RCV)
```

**Claims Impact**:
- Must actually replace items to recover full RCV
- 180-day notification typically required
- Keep receipts for replacement purchases
- Can replace with similar items (like kind and quality)

---

### HO 04 95 - Limited Water Back-Up and Sump Discharge or Overflow Coverage

**Purpose**: Covers water damage from sewer/drain backup and sump pump failure

**Form title note**: The 10 00 edition is titled "Water Back-Up and Sump Discharge or Overflow"; the 05 11 and 03 22 editions are titled "Limited Water Back-Up and Sump Discharge or Overflow Coverage." The 2022 program added **HO 06 95 - Broadened Water Back-Up and Sump Discharge or Overflow Coverage**. [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List]

**What It Adds**:
- Water that backs up through sewers or drains
- Water that overflows or is discharged from sump pump
- Covers damage from these sources (otherwise excluded under HO 00 03 Section I Exclusion "Water," item c) [Source: HO 00 03 10 00]

**Typical Limits**:
- $5,000, $10,000, $25,000, or higher
- Separate sublimit (not additional to Coverage A)
- Subject to policy deductible

**Coverage Details**:

| Scenario | Covered? | Notes |
|----------|----------|-------|
| Sewer backup into basement | Yes | Up to endorsement limit |
| Sump pump overflow | Yes | Up to endorsement limit |
| Sump pump mechanical failure | Yes | If causes water damage |
| Power outage causes sump failure | Yes | Resulting water damage |
| Flood that backs up sewer | No | Flood is excluded regardless |
| Drain backup during normal rain | Yes | Unless flood conditions |

**Exclusion Remains**:
- Flood, surface water still excluded
- If backup caused BY flood, may not be covered
- Some policies exclude backup DURING flood events

**Claims Impact**:
- Document source of water (sewer vs. surface)
- If both sewer backup AND flood, allocation may be required
- Limit is usually per occurrence

---

### HO 04 77 - Ordinance or Law Increased Amount of Coverage

**Purpose**: Increases the base-form ordinance or law coverage for costs to comply with building codes when repairing damage

**What the base form already provides**:

HO 00 03 Additional Coverage 11, "Ordinance Or Law," lets the insured use up to **10% of the Coverage A limit** for increased costs due to enforcement of any ordinance or law regulating construction, demolition, remodeling, renovation or repair of the damaged part of a covered building, and this is additional insurance. [Source: HO 00 03 10 00, Section I Additional Coverages, item 11] The Section I exclusion for ordinance or law applies to losses not covered by that additional coverage.

**What HO 04 77 Adds**:
- Raises the 10% to a higher percentage of Coverage A shown in the endorsement schedule (commonly 25%, 50%, 75% or 100%)
- Same scope as the base Additional Coverage: increased cost of repair/reconstruction to code, required demolition of undamaged portions, and rebuilding the undamaged portion to code
- (The three-part "Coverage A / B / C" structure belongs to the commercial property endorsement CP 04 05, not to the ISO homeowners form.)

**Example**:
```
Scenario: Fire damages 60% of older home; Coverage A $400,000

Without HO 04 77:
- Insurance pays to repair damaged 60%
- Code upgrades capped at 10% of Coverage A ($40,000)

With HO 04 77 at 50%:
- Code upgrades, required demolition and rebuild-to-code
  available up to 50% of Coverage A ($200,000)
```

**Typical Limit**: 10% of Coverage A in the base form; increased by HO 04 77 to the scheduled percentage

**Claims Impact**:
- Obtain building permits before repairs
- Get code official determination of requirements
- Document all code-required upgrades
- May significantly increase claim value

---

### HO 05 24 - Special Personal Property Coverage

**Purpose**: Upgrades Coverage C from named perils to open perils

**Form note**: Issued in a version for HO 00 03 and a version for HO 00 04 only. [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List]

**What It Does**:
- Makes Coverage C (contents) "open perils" like Coverage A
- Essentially converts HO-3 to HO-5 coverage for contents
- Removes burden of proving specific peril for contents claims

**Effect on Coverage**:

| Scenario | HO-3 Without Endorsement | HO-3 With HO 05 24 |
|----------|-------------------------|-------------------|
| Item mysteriously disappears | Not covered (can't prove theft) | Covered (no exclusion applies) |
| Accidental damage to TV | Not covered (not a named peril) | Covered (no exclusion) |
| Wine spills on rug | Not covered (named peril required) | Covered (no exclusion) |

**Additional Exclusions Added** (for open perils contents):
- Breakage of fragile articles (unless by specified perils)
- Dampness/extreme temperature
- Refinishing/repairing damage
- Mechanical breakdown
- Rust, corrosion, inherent vice

**Claims Impact**:
- Burden shifts to insurer to prove exclusion
- Mysterious disappearance now covered
- Still subject to special limits on certain categories

---

### HO 06 69 - Utility Line Expense Coverage (Service Line)

**Purpose**: Covers underground service lines from residence to utility connections

**Form note**: The ISO 2022 program form is **HO 06 69 Utility Line Expense Coverage**. Many carriers use proprietary "Service Line Coverage" endorsements with their own form numbers; "HO 06 50" is not the ISO form for this coverage (form number not verified). [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List]

**What It Covers**:
- Water supply lines
- Sewer lines
- Electrical lines
- Natural gas lines
- Communications/data lines
- Steam pipes

**Covered Causes**:
- Wear and tear
- Rust/corrosion
- Mechanical breakdown
- Tree/root damage
- Pest damage
- Collapse

**Typical Limits**: $10,000 per occurrence

**Exclusions**:
- Lines owned by utility company
- Septic tanks and fields
- Lines under streets/sidewalks (public right of way)
- Normal maintenance

**Claims Impact**:
- Often involves excavation costs
- Restoration of landscaping covered
- May overlap with utility responsibility

---

## 3. Coverage-Restricting Endorsements

### Limited Fungi, Wet or Dry Rot, or Bacteria Coverage

**Forms**: HO 04 26, HO 04 27, HO 04 28 - "Limited Fungi, Wet Or Dry Rot, Or Bacteria Coverage" (different versions for different base forms, e.g., HO 04 27 for use with HO 00 03 and HO 00 05). [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List]

**What They Do**:
- The 2000 and later base forms already exclude "fungi," wet or dry rot, and bacteria except as provided by the Additional Coverage; these endorsements set the dollar sublimit for that limited coverage
- Coverage applies only when the fungi result from a covered Section I loss (e.g., a covered water discharge)
- May also provide a Section II sublimit

**Standard Language** (illustrative, paraphrased):
```
We do not cover loss caused directly or indirectly by:
Fungi, wet or dry rot, or bacteria.

Coverage for fungi resulting from a covered loss is limited
to the amount shown in the schedule.
```

**Sublimit Versions**:
- $5,000 to $50,000 sublimit for mold remediation (commonly $10,000)
- Only applies when mold results from otherwise covered water damage
- Limit applies to entire loss (not per occurrence) in most versions

**Claims Impact**:
- Review specific exclusion language carefully
- Determine if sublimit applies
- Document water damage source (must be covered peril)
- Mold from flood, maintenance, or humidity = not covered

---

### HO 06 43 - Cosmetic Damage Exclusion - Windstorm or Hail

**Companion form**: **HO 06 44 - Roof Surfacing Cosmetic Damage Exclusion - Windstorm or Hail** (roof only). [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List]

**Purpose**: Excludes cosmetic windstorm or hail damage to certain materials

**What It Excludes**:
- Dents, dimples, scratches from hail
- To metal roofs, gutters, siding, screens (HO 06 43) or roof surfacing only (HO 06 44)
- When damage is "cosmetic" only

**Definition of Cosmetic** (paraphrased):
```
"Cosmetic damage" means marring, pitting, or other superficial
damage that alters the appearance but does not prevent the item
from performing its intended function.
```

**What Remains Covered**:
- Functional damage (leaks, structural compromise)
- Perforation through material
- Damage affecting material integrity

**Claims Impact**:
- Inspection must determine functional vs. cosmetic
- Metal roofs: Dents may be cosmetic; punctures are functional
- Dispute potential high
- May require expert assessment

---

### Animal Liability Exclusions

**HO 24 77 - Canine Liability Exclusion** (ISO); carrier-specific animal liability exclusions vary. [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List]

**Note**: HO 04 96 is not an animal exclusion; it is "No Section II - Liability Coverages for Home Day Care Business / Limited Section I - Property Coverages for Home Day Care Business." [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List]

**Purpose**: Excludes liability for specific dogs, breeds, or animals

**Common Excluded Breeds** (carrier practice, not ISO):
- Pit Bulls/American Staffordshire Terriers
- Rottweilers
- Doberman Pinschers
- German Shepherds (some policies)
- Wolf hybrids
- Any animal with prior bite history

**Coverage Impact**:
- No liability coverage for bites/attacks
- No defense coverage
- May exclude all animals if specific animal caused prior claim

---

### Business Exclusion Clarifications

**Enhanced Business Exclusions** (carrier-specific; no single ISO form number)

**Purpose**: Clarifies/expands business property and liability exclusions

**What It Does**:
- Expands definition of "business"
- Reduces incidental business coverage
- Excludes home-based business property
- Clarifies business liability exclusion

**Impact on Home-Based Businesses**:
- Work-from-home equipment may not be covered
- Professional liability excluded
- Need separate business policy

---

## 4. Limit-Modifying Endorsements

### Dwelling Under Construction

**ISO forms**: The homeowners program handles construction-phase risk through theft limitations rather than a standalone "Dwelling Under Construction" endorsement: **HO 06 07 - Limited Theft - Coverage C - Dwelling Under Construction** and **HO 06 67 - Limited Theft - Coverage A and B - Dwelling Under Construction**. The dwelling program has **DP 11 43 - Dwelling Under Construction**. [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List; FC&S Dwelling Property Forms - Exclusions and Endorsements] (HO 04 20 is not a construction endorsement; see below.)

**Adjustments**:
- Coverage A increases as construction progresses (DP 11 43 provisional amount)
- Theft coverage limited while the dwelling is under construction
- Contractors may be added as additional insureds

---

### HO 04 20 - Specified Additional Amount of Insurance for Coverage A - Dwelling (Extended Replacement Cost)

**Related forms**:
- **HO 04 11 - Additional Limits of Liability for Coverages A, B, C and D** (guaranteed-replacement-style; increases all Section I limits when Coverage A is inadequate) [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List]
- "HO 04 28" is a Limited Fungi coverage form, not an extended replacement cost endorsement [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List]

**Purpose**: Increases Coverage A beyond stated limit if needed

**Typical Extensions**:
- 125% of Coverage A limit (HO 04 20 at 25%)
- 150% of Coverage A limit (HO 04 20 at 50%)
- Guaranteed Replacement Cost (no cap) - HO 04 11 or carrier form

**Requirements**:
- Must insure to 100% of estimated replacement cost
- May require periodic valuations
- Premium adjustment based on percentage

**Example**:
```
Coverage A Limit: $400,000
Extension: 125%
Maximum Available: $500,000

If replacement cost is $480,000:
- Standard policy pays: $400,000
- With 125% extension: $480,000 (full replacement)
```

**Claims Impact**:
- Reduces underinsurance disputes
- Still requires insurable interest
- May have inflation adjustment built in

---

### HO 04 46 - Inflation Guard

**Form note**: Inflation Guard is HO 04 46, not HO 04 11. [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List]

**Purpose**: Automatically increases limits over policy period

**How It Works**:
- Annual percentage increase (4%-8% typical)
- Pro-rated daily/monthly
- Applies to Coverage A (and related coverages)

**Example**:
```
Initial Coverage A: $400,000
Inflation Guard: 6% annually
Month 6 of policy: $400,000 + 3% = $412,000
End of year: $400,000 + 6% = $424,000
```

**Claims Impact**:
- Limit at time of loss applies
- Reduces coinsurance/underinsurance issues
- Premium adjusts at renewal

---

### Loss Assessment Coverage

**HO 04 35 - Supplemental Loss Assessment Coverage** [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List; HO 04 35 05 11]

**Purpose**: Increases loss assessment coverage (available on all HO forms, most often used with HO-6)

**Base Coverage**: $1,000 Section I Additional Coverage (and $1,000 Section II Additional Coverage) in HO 00 03 and the other HO forms [Source: HO 00 03 10 00, Additional Coverage 7 and Section II Additional Coverage 4]

**Endorsement Options**: $5,000 to $50,000+

**What It Covers**:
- Assessments charged by HOA/condo association
- For damage to common areas
- Caused by covered peril
- For association deductible

**Claims Impact**:
- Must be assessment from covered peril
- Special assessments for maintenance not covered
- Document association master policy and assessment basis

---

## 5. Specialized Coverage Endorsements

### HO 04 61 / HO 04 60 Class Coverage Details

#### Jewelry, Watches, Furs

| Coverage Aspect | Without Scheduling | With HO 04 61 / HO 04 60 |
|-----------------|-------------------|---------------|
| Theft Limit | $1,500 total | Scheduled amount |
| Mysterious Disappearance | Not covered | Covered |
| Coverage Basis | Named Perils | Open Perils |
| Deductible | Policy deductible | $0 |
| Valuation | ACV | Lesser of ACV/repair/replace/schedule (HO 04 61); agreed value (HO 04 60) |

**Appraisal Requirements**:
- Professional appraisal required
- Updated every 2-3 years
- Photos recommended
- Describes item in detail

#### Fine Arts

**Coverage Features**:
- Stated amount in schedule (agreed value under HO 04 60)
- Open perils (all risk)
- Breakage covered
- Transit coverage included
- May cover at any location

**Exclusions**:
- Wear and tear
- Gradual deterioration
- Inherent defects
- Restoration/repair damage
- Nuclear hazard, war

**Special Considerations**:
- May require climate-controlled storage
- Professional packing for moves
- Exhibition coverage available
- "Pair and set" special provisions

#### Firearms

| Coverage Aspect | Without Scheduling | With HO 04 61 |
|-----------------|-------------------|---------------|
| Theft Limit | $2,500 total | Scheduled amount |
| Coverage Basis | Named Perils | Open Perils |
| Accidental Discharge Damage | May not be covered | Covered |
| Collection Coverage | Limited | Full scheduled value |

[Base firearms and silverware theft sublimits are each $2,500 per HO 00 03 10 00, Special Limits of Liability items f and g.]

---

### Home Business Endorsements

**HO 04 42 - Permitted Incidental Occupancies - Residence Premises** [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List] ("HO 07 01" is not the incidental occupancy form.)

**Purpose**: Allows limited business activity at residence

**What It Permits**:
- Small home office
- Limited business property coverage
- Some business liability coverage

**Limitations**:
- Dollar limits on business property ($2,500 on premises in the base form; HO 04 12 Increased Limits on Business Property raises it)
- No manufacturing
- No employees at residence (typically)
- Professional liability still excluded

**HO 07 01 - Home Business Insurance Coverage** [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List]

**More comprehensive coverage for**:
- Business personal property
- Business income/extra expense
- Business liability
- Accounts receivable
- Valuable papers (HO 07 56 / HO 07 57 increase or broaden)

("HO 07 40" does not appear in the ISO forms list - form number not verified.)

---

### Identity Fraud Expense Coverage

**HO 04 55 - Identity Fraud Expense Coverage** [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List] (HO 04 98 is "Refrigerated Property Coverage," not identity fraud.)

**Purpose**: Covers expenses related to identity theft

**What It Covers**:
- Costs to restore identity
- Legal fees (limited)
- Lost wages
- Loan re-application fees
- Notary fees
- Phone bills (for restoration calls)

**Typical Limit**: $15,000 to $25,000

**What It Does NOT Cover**:
- Actual financial losses from fraud
- Future credit monitoring
- Emotional distress

---

## 6. Catastrophe Endorsements

### HO 04 54 - Earthquake Coverage

**Purpose**: Adds earthquake as covered peril

**What It Covers**:
- Earthquake
- Volcanic eruption
- Landslide caused by earthquake
- Aftershocks (same occurrence)

**Deductible**:
- Percentage of Coverage A (5%-25% typical)
- Higher in seismic zones
- Per occurrence

**Example**:
```
Coverage A: $500,000
Earthquake Deductible: 10%
Deductible Amount: $50,000

For $75,000 earthquake damage:
Payment = $75,000 - $50,000 = $25,000
```

**Exclusions**:
- Flood (even if caused by earthquake)
- Land movement not from earthquake
- Fire (covered under base policy)

**Related**: HO 04 36 - Loss Assessment Coverage for Earthquake. [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List]

---

### Windstorm, Hail and Hurricane Deductible Endorsements

**ISO forms**: **HO 03 12 - Windstorm or Hail Percentage Deductible**; **HO 03 18 - Hurricane Deductible** (filed in a limited set of states). [Source: FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List] Many coastal states use state-specific or carrier forms.

**Purpose**: Applies separate, higher deductible for windstorm/hail or hurricane losses

**Trigger** (hurricane deductible): Hurricane warning or watch in effect, as defined in the endorsement or state law

**Deductible Types**:
- Percentage of Coverage A (1%-5% typical; HO 03 12 offers 1%, 2%, 5% and higher)
- Flat dollar amount
- May be per season or per occurrence

**State Mandates**:
- Florida, Texas coastal, Louisiana: Mandatory options
- Must offer non-hurricane deductible option

**Claims Impact**:
- Determine if hurricane deductible applies
- Calculate percentage vs. standard deductible
- May apply to wind only, not rain

---

### Flood Exclusion Clarification

**Purpose**: Clarifies flood exclusion and informs of NFIP (carrier notice; no ISO endorsement number)

**Standard Language**:
```
Flood damage is excluded. Flood insurance may be available
through the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP).
Contact your agent for information.
```

**Key Points**:
- Flood remains excluded
- Separate flood policy required
- NFIP or private flood options available

---

## 7. DP-Specific Endorsements

[DP form numbers and titles per FC&S, "Dwelling Property Forms - Exclusions and Endorsements" (2014 ISO dwelling program).]

### Replacement Cost on DP Forms

**Purpose**: Dwelling and other structures on **DP 00 02 and DP 00 03 are already settled at replacement cost** in the base forms; **DP 00 01 is ACV**. There is no "DP 04 14 Replacement Cost" endorsement - DP 04 14 is "Additional Living Expense - Form DP 00 01 Only." (No ISO DP replacement-cost upgrade endorsement for DP 00 01 verified.)

**Related loss-settlement forms**:
- DP 05 30 - Functional Replacement Cost Loss Settlement (DP 00 02 / DP 00 03)
- DP 05 31 - Modified Functional Replacement Cost Loss Settlement

**Requirements** (for RC settlement under DP 00 02 / DP 00 03):
- Actually repair or replace
- 180-day notification
- Insure to 80% of replacement cost

---

### DP 04 95 - Limited Water Back-Up and Sump Discharge or Overflow

**Purpose**: Same as HO 04 95 for dwelling policies (not "DP 04 42")

**Coverage**: Sewer backup, sump pump failure

**Typical Limits**: $5,000 to $25,000

---

### DP 04 69 - Earthquake

**Purpose**: Adds earthquake coverage to DP forms (not "DP 04 47")

**Similar to HO 04 54** with percentage deductible; same limit applies to all coverages; masonry exclusion may be deleted

---

### DP 04 71 / DP 04 74 - Ordinance or Law Coverage

**Purpose**: Code upgrade coverage for DP policies (not "DP 04 55")

- **DP 04 71** - Ordinance or Law Coverage - Increased Amount of Coverage (DP 00 02 and DP 00 03; the 2014 forms include 10% base coverage)
- **DP 04 74** - Ordinance or Law Coverage (DP 00 01, which otherwise excludes ordinance or law)

---

### DP 04 22 - Limited Fungi, Wet or Dry Rot, or Bacteria Coverage

**Purpose**: Limited fungi coverage for DP (not "DP 04 73," which is Limited Theft Coverage)

**Provides sublimit** for mold resulting from covered water damage

---

### Other Common DP Endorsements

| Form | Title |
|------|-------|
| DP 04 11 | Automatic Increase in Insurance (4%, 6% or 8% annual increase to Coverages A and B; the DP inflation guard) |
| DP 03 12 | Windstorm or Hail Percentage Deductible (1%, 2%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%) |
| DP 04 20 | Permitted Incidental Occupancies |
| DP 04 63 | Loss Assessment |
| DP 04 72 | Broad Theft Coverage |
| DP 04 73 | Limited Theft Coverage |
| DP 04 99 | Sinkhole Collapse |
| DP 11 43 | Dwelling Under Construction |

---

### Vacancy/Occupancy Modifications

**Purpose**: Modifies vacancy provisions for rental properties (carrier-specific; no single ISO form number)

**Options**:
- Extend 60-day period
- Modify vacant/unoccupied definitions
- Renovation provisions

**Important for**:
- Between-tenant periods
- Seasonal rentals
- Properties being renovated

---

## 8. Endorsements by Coverage Issue

### Water Damage Issues

| Issue | Endorsement | ISO Form |
|-------|-------------|----------|
| Sewer backup | Limited / Broadened Water Back-Up Coverage | HO 04 95 / HO 06 95 |
| Service line breaks | Utility Line Expense Coverage | HO 06 69 |
| Code upgrades after water damage | Ordinance or Law Increased Amount | HO 04 77 |
| Mold resulting from water | Limited Fungi coverage sublimit | HO 04 26 / 04 27 / 04 28 |

### Valuable Property

| Issue | Endorsement | ISO Form |
|-------|-------------|----------|
| Jewelry over $1,500 | Scheduled Personal Property | HO 04 61 (HO 04 60 agreed value) |
| Art and antiques | Scheduled Personal Property | HO 04 61 / HO 04 60 |
| Firearms over $2,500 | Scheduled Personal Property | HO 04 61 |
| Collections | Scheduled Personal Property | HO 04 61 |
| Higher category sublimits without scheduling | Coverage C Increased Special Limits of Liability | HO 04 65 (HO 04 66 for open-perils contents) |
| RCV on contents | Personal Property Replacement Cost Loss Settlement | HO 04 90 |

### Building Coverage

| Issue | Endorsement | ISO Form |
|-------|-------------|----------|
| Code upgrades | Ordinance or Law Increased Amount | HO 04 77 |
| Underinsurance protection | Specified Additional Amount of Insurance for Coverage A | HO 04 20 (HO 04 11 for all Section I limits) |
| Inflation protection | Inflation Guard | HO 04 46 |
| Other structures limit | Other Structures on the Residence Premises - Increased Limits | HO 04 48 |
| Construction phase | Limited Theft - Dwelling Under Construction | HO 06 07 / HO 06 67 (DP 11 43 for dwelling policies) |
| Alarm / protective device credit | Premises Alarm, Water Leak Detection or Fire Protection System | HO 04 16 |

### Catastrophe Coverage

| Issue | Endorsement | ISO Form |
|-------|-------------|----------|
| Earthquake | Earthquake Coverage | HO 04 54 |
| Sinkhole | Sinkhole Collapse Coverage | HO 04 99 (state variations) |
| Windstorm/hail deductible | Windstorm or Hail Percentage Deductible | HO 03 12 |
| Hurricane deductible | Hurricane Deductible | HO 03 18 (limited states) |
| Mine subsidence | Mine Subsidence | State-specific |

### Condo/Unit-Owners

| Issue | Endorsement | ISO Form |
|-------|-------------|----------|
| Open perils on unit-owner's building items (Coverage A) | Unit-Owners Coverage A Special Coverage | HO 17 32 |
| Open perils on contents (Coverage C) | Unit-Owners Coverage C Special Coverage | HO 17 31 |
| Unit rented to others | Unit-Owners Rental to Others | HO 17 33 |
| Loss assessment | Supplemental Loss Assessment Coverage | HO 04 35 |
| Increased Coverage A limit | Shown in Declarations (no separate ISO endorsement) | - |

[HO 17 31 / HO 17 32 titles per FC&S ISO Homeowners Forms List; the two are frequently transposed in secondary sources.]

### Liability

| Issue | Endorsement | ISO Form |
|-------|-------------|----------|
| Libel, slander, invasion of privacy | Personal Injury Coverage | HO 24 82 |
| Business activities | Business Pursuits | HO 24 71 |
| Dog exclusion | Canine Liability Exclusion | HO 24 77 |
| Home day care - no liability | No Section II Liability Coverages for Home Day Care Business | HO 04 96 |

---

## 9. Claims Impact Analysis

### Endorsement Checklist for Claims

When analyzing a claim, check for these common endorsements:

#### Water Damage Claims
- [ ] Water Back-Up (HO 04 95 / HO 06 95) - Sewer/sump issues
- [ ] Utility Line Expense (HO 06 69) or carrier service line form - Underground lines
- [ ] Limited Fungi Coverage (HO 04 26/27/28) - Fungi coverage and limits
- [ ] Ordinance/Law (HO 04 77) - Code upgrades

#### Wind/Hail Claims
- [ ] Windstorm/Hail or Hurricane Deductible (HO 03 12 / HO 03 18) - Separate percentage
- [ ] Cosmetic Damage Exclusion (HO 06 43 / HO 06 44) - Metal roof dents
- [ ] Roof Surfacing ACV / Limited Loss Settlement (HO 04 93 / HO 06 46) - Roof payment basis
- [ ] Ordinance/Law - Code upgrades after wind damage

#### Theft/Contents Claims
- [ ] Scheduled Personal Property (HO 04 61 / HO 04 60) - Valuable items
- [ ] Personal Property RCV (HO 04 90) - Replacement cost
- [ ] Special Personal Property (HO 05 24) - Open perils on contents
- [ ] Coverage C Increased Special Limits (HO 04 65) - Higher category sublimits

#### Fire Claims
- [ ] Ordinance/Law (HO 04 77) - Demolition, code upgrades
- [ ] Specified Additional Amount (HO 04 20) / Additional Limits (HO 04 11) - Limit increases
- [ ] Limited Fungi Coverage - Mold from firefighting water

#### Total Loss Claims
- [ ] Extended/Guaranteed Replacement Cost (HO 04 20 / HO 04 11)
- [ ] Ordinance/Law (base 10% plus HO 04 77 increase)
- [ ] Inflation Guard (HO 04 46) - Limit at time of loss
- [ ] Debris Removal limits

### Common Endorsement Issues

#### Coverage Gaps to Identify

1. **No Water Backup Coverage**: Sewer backup damage not covered
2. **Low Scheduled Property**: Jewelry/valuables underinsured
3. **No Ordinance/Law increase**: Code upgrades capped at 10% of Coverage A
4. **ACV Contents**: Significant depreciation on older items
5. **High Cat Deductible**: Large out-of-pocket for hurricane/earthquake

#### Coverage Enhancements to Recognize

1. **Guaranteed Replacement Cost**: Full rebuild regardless of limit
2. **Open Perils Contents**: Better coverage for mysterious disappearance
3. **Agreed Value Scheduling** (HO 04 60): No depreciation disputes
4. **High Water Backup Limits**: Better sewer backup protection

### Endorsement Coverage Summary Table

| Endorsement | Adds Coverage | Restricts Coverage | Modifies Limits |
|-------------|--------------|-------------------|-----------------|
| HO 04 61 / HO 04 60 (Scheduled PP) | ✓ | | ✓ |
| HO 04 77 (Ordinance/Law Increased Amount) | ✓ | | ✓ |
| HO 04 90 (Contents RCV) | ✓ | | |
| HO 04 95 (Water Back-Up) | ✓ | | ✓ |
| HO 05 24 (Special PP) | ✓ | | |
| HO 04 26/27/28 (Limited Fungi) | | ✓ | ✓ |
| HO 06 43 / HO 06 44 (Cosmetic Damage) | | ✓ | |
| HO 03 12 / HO 03 18 (Wind/Hurricane Deductible) | | | ✓ |
| HO 04 20 / HO 04 11 (Extended RCV) | | | ✓ |
| HO 04 54 (Earthquake) | ✓ | | |

---

## Appendix A: Quick Reference - Most Common Endorsements

### Top 10 Coverage-Expanding Endorsements

1. **HO 04 95** - Limited Water Back-Up and Sump Discharge or Overflow Coverage
2. **HO 04 61** - Scheduled Personal Property Endorsement (HO 04 60 with agreed value)
3. **HO 04 90** - Personal Property Replacement Cost Loss Settlement
4. **HO 04 77** - Ordinance or Law Increased Amount of Coverage
5. **HO 05 24** - Special Personal Property Coverage
6. **HO 04 20** - Specified Additional Amount of Insurance for Coverage A (125%/150%)
7. **HO 06 69** - Utility Line Expense Coverage
8. **HO 04 54** - Earthquake Coverage
9. **HO 04 35** - Supplemental Loss Assessment Coverage
10. **HO 04 55** - Identity Fraud Expense Coverage

### Top 5 Coverage-Restricting Endorsements

1. **Limited Fungi Coverage (HO 04 26/27/28)** - Limits mold coverage
2. **Cosmetic Damage Exclusion (HO 06 43 / HO 06 44)** - Hail dents excluded
3. **Windstorm/Hail or Hurricane Deductible (HO 03 12 / HO 03 18)** - Higher wind deductible
4. **Canine Liability Exclusion (HO 24 77)** - Specific dogs excluded
5. **Business Exclusion Enhancement** - Tightens business exclusion (carrier forms)

---

## Appendix B: Endorsement Impact on Claim Values

### Example: Water Damage Claim

**Scenario**: Pipe burst causes $50,000 damage, mold develops, code upgrades needed

| Endorsement | Claim Impact |
|-------------|-------------|
| Without HO 04 77 | Code upgrades limited to 10% of Coverage A |
| Without Limited Fungi sublimit | Mold remediation excluded (~$5,000 loss) |
| With both endorsements | Full claim paid |

### Example: Theft Claim

**Scenario**: $25,000 in jewelry stolen from home

| Coverage | Payment |
|----------|---------|
| Base HO-3 (no scheduling) | $1,500 (theft sublimit) |
| With HO 04 61 scheduled at $25,000 | Up to $25,000 (full amount under HO 04 60 agreed value) |
| Difference | $23,500 additional coverage |

### Example: Hurricane Claim

**Scenario**: $200,000 damage, $500,000 Coverage A

| Deductible Type | Deductible Amount | Net Payment |
|-----------------|-------------------|-------------|
| Standard $2,500 | $2,500 | $197,500 |
| 2% Hurricane | $10,000 | $190,000 |
| 5% Hurricane | $25,000 | $175,000 |

---

## Verification & Sources

Form numbers, titles and base-form limits in this guide were checked in August 2026 against:

- FC&S (PropertyCasualty360), "ISO Homeowners Forms List" (June 5, 2024) - numerical list of ISO HO forms and endorsements with edition dates and state applicability: https://www.propertycasualty360.com/fcs/2024/06/05/iso-homeowners-forms-list-2/
- FC&S (PropertyCasualty360), "Dwelling Property Forms - Exclusions and Endorsements" (Aug. 12, 2024) - DP endorsement numbers for the 2014 dwelling program: https://www.propertycasualty360.com/fcs/2024/08/12/dwelling-property-forms-exclusions-and-endorsements/
- FC&S (PropertyCasualty360), "ISO Dwelling Program" (June 10, 2014): https://www.propertycasualty360.com/fcs/2014/06/10/iso-dwelling-program/
- ISO HO 00 03 10 00, Homeowners 3 - Special Form (public copy): https://home7.selectiveinsurance.com/FormsPDF/HO/HO0003.200010.PDF - Ordinance or Law Additional Coverage (10% of Coverage A), Coverage C Special Limits ($1,500 theft of jewelry/watches/furs; $2,500 theft of firearms; $2,500 theft of silverware), $1,000 Loss Assessment, water back-up exclusion
- ISO HO 00 03 04 91 (public copy, for historical comparison): https://www.safetyinsurance.com/pdf/homeowners3
- ISO HO 04 35 05 11, Supplemental Loss Assessment Coverage (public copy): https://home7.selectiveinsurance.com/FormsPDF/HO/HO0435.201105.PDF
- Insurance Xdate ISO form catalog (secondary cross-check only; contains errors, e.g., lists HO 05 24 as "Business Pursuits"): https://www.insurancexdate.com/insurance-forms/HO/

Items marked "(form number not verified)" did not appear in the FC&S forms lists and should be confirmed against the actual endorsement attached to the policy.

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*This guide references ISO endorsement forms as verified in August 2026. Individual carrier endorsements may vary in form number and language. Always review the actual endorsement attached to the policy.*